Social problems
Study guide for midterm 2

Chapter 15: Social Problems of Marriage and Family

myths about the American family, Stephanie Coontz

median age of first marriage statistics

reasons why the rate of cohabitation has increased over the last 40 years

type of household with lowest family incomes

problems that children who are raised in single-parent families have

percent of gay couples that have children

couples most likely to be married 5-7 years after beginning cohabitation

the outcome of a trial marriage after 5-7 years is likely to be

compare married people with single people

as of 2006, the cost of raising a child until the age of 17

in the 1950s, the percentage of marriages lasting 10 years or more

risk factors for divorce

David Popenoe

in 2007, number of child fatalities due to neglect or physical abuse

age children most likely to be subject to fatal abuse and neglect

After no-fault divorce was legalized, what generally was the result?

CHAPTER 12: SEX AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS RELATED TO SEXUALITY

attitudes toward homosexuality from 1973-2008

characteristics of gay and lesbian youth

Who is likely to earn the higher salary? a. married heterosexuals, b. single heterosexuals, c. single homosexuals, d. female homosexuals

statistics from Edward Lauman’s research: percent of men and women engaged in some form of homosexual behavior, percent of men and women who consider themselves gay

laws restricting abortion in the early 1800s

age group with the highest rate of abortions

Michel Foucault

queer theory

why gay couples seek to marry

Kingsley Davis, prostitution

Wendy Chapkis, interviews with prostitutes

Meese commission

Roth v. United States

Miller v. California

federal prosecutions for pornography between 1995 and 2006

CHAPTER 9: PROBLEMS IN EDUCATION

percentage of the Gross Domestic Product spent on education in US (what rank among countries?)

the area of the world with the least literate people

functionalism

Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis

conflict theory

relationship between earnings and education

No Child Left Behind (NCLB) act

charter schools

teacher expectancy effect

Lecture material: family

compare divorce rates by level of education

Daniel Lichter, cohabitation and divorce rates

Marriage & Family: What Does the Scandinavian Experience Tell Us? Comparison of family trends & child wellbeing in the US and Sweden

 According to David Popenoe, what factors that once held families together are weakening in Sweden?

What does David Popenoe think the root cause of family breakdown in advanced industrial societies is?

Lecture material: sex and sexual orientation

Statistics about prevalence of gays, lesbians and bisexual men and women ages 18-44 from the 2006–2008 National Survey of Family Growth

Statistics about same sex sexual activity for men and women ages 18-44 from the 2006–2008 National Survey of Family Growth

“Gender and Sexual Orientation Differences in Sexual Response to Sexual Activities Versus Gender of Actors in Sexual Films”: What gender gender differences did this study find?

Statistics related to American attitudes about the morality of homosexuality, acceptable lifestyle, right to certain occupations (you do not have to know exact statistics for this question)

correlates with respect to negative attitudes toward gay people; for example, gender, age, income, religiosity, political party, political perspective (conservative or liberal), levels of psychological authoritarianism, sexual permissiveness, support for traditional gender roles, belief that a homosexual orientation is freely chosen

In a 2007 Gallop poll, what percent of Americans stated they believe homosexuality is something a person is born with?

2009 National School Climate Survey

percent of respondents who were verbally harassed (e.g., called names or threatened) at school because of their sexual orientation

percent of respondents who were physically harassed (e.g., pushed or shoved) at school in the past year because of their sexual orientation

Injustice at Every Turn: A Report of the National Transgender Discrimination Survey

percent of transgender and non-gender conforming respondents that reported attempting suicide

percent of respondents who reported that they had lost a job due to being transgender or gender non-conforming

Roddrick Colvin. “The Extent of Sexual Orientation Discrimination in Topeka, KS”

Referring to the 2004 survey of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender residents of Topeka, Kansas, % of respondents that reported that they were fired because of their sexual orientation or gender identity, % of respondents that reported experiencing discrimination buying or renting a home, % that reported that they were denied a promotion

McVeigh, Rory; Diaz, Maria-Elena D. “Voting to Ban Same-Sex Marriage: Interests, Values, and Communities”

McVeigh and Diaz, examining initiatives proposing to ban same-sex marriage in 28 states from 2000 through 2008, found that opposition to same-sex marriage is strong in communities characterized by the predominance of traditional gender roles and family structure, and that the effects of traditional family structure and gender roles are especially strong in counties characterized by weak community cohesion.

Lecture material: education

According to the slide “Eight Grade Mathematics Curriculum Taught, Known Previously, and Learned by Type of Mathematics Program,” in which class type was the most amount of material taught?   

According to the slide “Eight Grade Mathematics Curriculum Taught, Known Previously, and Learned by Type of Mathematics Program,” in which class type was there the least amount of learning?   

According to the article “Lasting Consequences of the Summer Learning Gap,” the high SES-low SES achievement gap in ninth grade mainly traces to what?

Internet article: “Cultural Capital”

According to Pierre Bourdieu, what are the characteristics of cultural capital?

Internet article: “The 30 Million Word Gap” by Betty Hart and Todd R. Risley

Hart and Risley found that three-year-old children of professionals had a larger vocabulary size than adults on welfare.